Definition:

An injury to a ligament of the ankle when the joint is carried through a range of motion greater than normal, but without dislocation or fracture; or an injury resulting from tensile force to muscle or tendon of the ankle.

Symptoms:

• Pain, often sudden and severe
• Swelling
• Bruising
• Inability to walk or bear weight on the injured joint

Causes:

• Tripping or falling
• Landing awkwardly after a jump
• Walking or running on uneven surfaces
• A sudden impact such as a car crash
• Twisting or rotating the ankle
• Rolling the ankle

Treatment:

• Massage to reduce swelling
• ROM and stretching
• Ankle stabilization exercises
• Balance training
• Lower extremity strengthening