Contracture of the Upper Arm

Definition:
A muscle contracture is a permanent shortening of a muscle or joints in the upper arm. It is usually in response to prolonged hypertonic spasticity in a concentrated muscle area. Contractures are essentially muscles or tendons that have remained too tight for too long, thus becoming shorter. Once they occur they cannot be stretched or exercised away; they must be released with orthopedic surgery.
Symptoms:
  • Pain in the upper arm
  • Stiffness in the upper arm
  • Loss of ROM in the upper arm
Causes:
  • Elbow fracture
  • Humerus fracture
  • Injury
  • Direct blow
  • Compartment syndrome
Treatment:
  • ROM and stretching to the upper arm
  • Hand intrinsic strengthening
  • Upper extremity strengthening